Question 1

If the temperature of a fixed amount of an ideal gas is increased, it NECESSARILY follows that

Accepted Answer

A)   the pressure of the gas will increase.
B)   the volume of the gas will increase.
C)   the speed of the gas molecules will increase.
D)   All of the above statements are correct.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

What is the total translational kinetic energy in a test chamber filled with nitrogen (N2) at 2.16 × 105 Pa and 20.7°C? The dimensions of the chamber are 4.00 m × 5.70 m × 7.40 m. The ATOMIC weight of nitrogen is 28.0 g/mol, Avogadro's number is 6.022 × 1023 molecules/mol and the Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10-23 J/K.

Accepted Answer

Question 3

The average molecular kinetic energy of a gas can be determined by knowing

Accepted Answer

A)   only the number of molecules in the gas.
B)   only the volume of the gas.
C)   only the pressure of the gas.
D)   only the temperature of the gas.
E)   All of the above quantities must be known to determine the average molecular kinetic energy.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

At what temperature would the root-mean-square speed (thermal speed)  of oxygen molecules be 13.0 m/s? Assume that oxygen approximates an ideal gas. The mass of one O2 molecule is 5.312 x 10-26 kg. The Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10-23 J/K.

Accepted Answer

A)   0.217 K
B)   1800 K
C)   5410 K
D)   0.0666 KE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

What is the root-mean-square value of the following velocity components: 2.0 m/s, -3.0 m/s, and 4.0 m/s?

Accepted Answer

A)   5.4 m/s
B)   1.9 m/s
C)   3.1 m/s
D)   3.3 m/s
E)   1.0 m/sF) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 6

The mean free path of an oxygen molecule is 2.0 × 10-5 m, when the gas is at a pressure of 120 Pa and a temperature of 275 K. The atomic mass of oxygen is 16.0 g/mol, the Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10-23 J/K, Avogadro's number is 6.02 × 1023 molecules/mole, and the ideal gas constant is J/mol•K = 0.0821 L ∙ atm/mol ∙ K. The radius of an oxygen molecule is closest to

Accepted Answer

A)   0.22 nm.
B)   0.24 nm.
C)   0.26 nm.
D)   0.28 nm.
E)   0.30 nm.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 7

The entropy of an isolated system must be conserved, so it never changes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What is the average kinetic energy of an ideal gas molecule at 569°C? (The Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10-23 J/K.)

Accepted Answer

A)   1.74 × 10-20 J
B)   5.81 × 10-21 J
C)   1.18 × 10-17 J
D)   3.93 × 10-19 JE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

What is the mean free path of a gas of randomly-moving hard spheres of radius 2.00 × 10-9 m when the density of spheres is 3.00 × 1019 per cubic meter?

Accepted Answer

A)   1.17 × 10-4 m
B)   4.00 × 10-9 m
C)   9.76 × 10-5 m
D)   1.88 × 10-3 m
E)   4.69 × 10-4 mF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

If we double the root-mean-square speed (thermal speed)  of the molecules of a gas, then

Accepted Answer

A)   its temperature must increase by a factor of 4.
B)   its temperature must increase by a factor of 2.
C)   its temperature must increase by a factor of  .
D)   its pressure must increase by a factor of 2.
E)   its pressure must increase by a factor of 4.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

What is the mean free path for the molecules in an ideal gas when the pressure is 100 kPa and the temperature is 300 K given that the collision cross-section for the molecules of that gas is 2.0 × 10-20 m2? The Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10-23 J/K, Avogadro's number is 6.02 × 1023 molecules/mole, and the ideal gas constant is R = 8.314 J/mol•K = 0.0821 L ∙ atm/mol ∙ K.

Accepted Answer

A)   1.1 × 10-6 m
B)   2.1 × 10-6 m
C)   1.7 × 10-6 m
D)   5.3 × 10-6 m
E)   1.5 × 10-6 mF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 12

At 50.0°C, the average translational kinetic energy of a gas molecule is K. If the temperature is now increased to 100.0°C, the average translational kinetic energy of a molecule will be closest to

Accepted Answer

A)   1.07K.
B)   1.15K.
C)   1.41K.
D)   2.00K.
E)   4.00K.F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 13

A 5.0-liter gas tank holds 1.7 moles of monatomic helium (He)  and 1.10 mole of diatomic oxygen (O2) , at a temperature of 260 K. The ATOMIC masses of helium and oxygen are 4.0 g/mol and 16.0 g/mol, respectively. What is the ratio of the root-mean-square (thermal)  speed of helium to that of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)   1.4
B)   2.0
C)   2.8
D)   4.0
E)   5.6F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

An oxygen molecule falls in a vacuum. From what height must it fall so that its kinetic energy at the bottom equals the average energy of an oxygen molecule at 800 K? (The Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10-23 J/K, the molecular weight of oxygen is 32.0 g/mol, and Avogadro's number is 6.022 × 1023 molecules/mol.)

Accepted Answer

A)   31.8 km
B)   10.6 km
C)   21.1 km
D)   42.3 kmE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

On a hot summer day, the temperature is 40.0°C and the pressure is 1.01 × 105 Pa. Let us model the air as all nitrogen of molecular mass 28.0 g/mol having molecules of diameter 0.500 nm that are moving at their root-mean-square speed. Avogadro's number is 6.02 × 1023 molecules/mol, the ideal gas constant is 8.31 J/mol•K, and the Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10-23 J/K. Calculate reasonable estimates for
(a) the root-mean-square speed of the nitrogen molecules.
(b) the average distance a typical molecule travels between collisions.
(c) the average time a molecule travels between collisions, assuming that the molecules are moving at their root-mean-square speeds.
(d) the number of collisions an average molecule undergoes per second.

Accepted Answer

(a) 528 m/s
(b) 3.8...

Question 16

The root-mean-square speed (thermal speed)  of a certain sample of carbon dioxide molecules, with a molecular weight of 44 g/mol, is 396 m/s. What is the root-mean-square speed (thermal speed)  of water vapor molecules, with a molecular weight of 18 g/mol, at the same temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)   253 m/s
B)   396 m/s
C)   421 m/s
D)   506 m/s
E)   619 m/sF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

A sealed container holds 0.020 moles of nitrogen (N2)  gas at a pressure of 1.5 atmospheres and a temperature of 290 K. The atomic mass of nitrogen is 14 g/mol. The Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10-23 J/K and the ideal gas constant is R = 8.314 J/mol•K = 0.0821 L ∙ atm/mol ∙ K. The average translational kinetic energy of a nitrogen molecule is closest to

Accepted Answer

A)   4.0 × 10-21 J.
B)   6.0 × 10-21 J.
C)   8.0 × 10-21 J.
D)   10 × 10-21 J.
E)   12 × 10-21 J.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

A container is filled with a mixture of helium (light molecules)  and oxygen (heavy molecules)  gases. A thermometer in the reads 22°C. Which gas molecules have the greater average speed?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is the same for both of the gases because the temperatures are the same.
B)   The oxygen molecules do because they are diatomic.
C)   The oxygen molecules do because they are more massive.
D)   The helium molecules do because they are less massive.
E)   The helium molecules do because they are monatomic.F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 19

What is the average translational kinetic energy per molecule of an ideal gas at a temperature of 300 K? The Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10-23 J/K.

Accepted Answer

A)   1.7 × 10-21 J
B)   8.3 × 10-21 J
C)   6.2 × 10-21 J
D)   2.1 × 10-21 J
E)   4.1 × 10-21 JF) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Exam 18: The Micromacro Connection

Correct Answer
verified

What is the average kinetic energy of an ideal gas molecule at 569°C? (The Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10^-23 J/K.)

Correct Answer
verified

What is the mean free path of a gas of randomly-moving hard spheres of radius 2.00 × 10^-9 m when the density of spheres is 3.00 × 10¹⁹ per cubic meter?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The entropy of an isolated system must be conserved, so it never changes.

Correct Answer
verified

At 50.0°C, the average translational kinetic energy of a gas molecule is K. If the temperature is now increased to 100.0°C, the average translational kinetic energy of a molecule will be closest to

Correct Answer
verified

The root-mean-square speed (thermal speed) of a certain sample of carbon dioxide molecules, with a molecular weight of 44 g/mol, is 396 m/s. What is the root-mean-square speed (thermal speed) of water vapor molecules, with a molecular weight of 18 g/mol, at the same temperature?

Correct Answer
verified

The average molecular kinetic energy of a gas can be determined by knowing

Correct Answer
verified

A container is filled with a mixture of helium (light molecules) and oxygen (heavy molecules) gases. A thermometer in the reads 22°C. Which gas molecules have the greater average speed?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the average translational kinetic energy per molecule of an ideal gas at a temperature of 300 K? The Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10^-23 J/K.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

At what temperature would the root-mean-square speed (thermal speed) of oxygen molecules be 13.0 m/s? Assume that oxygen approximates an ideal gas. The mass of one O₂molecule is 5.312 x 10^-26 kg. The Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10^-23 J/K.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
(a) 528 m/s
(b) 3.8...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

If the temperature of a fixed amount of an ideal gas is increased, it NECESSARILY follows that

Correct Answer
verified

What is the root-mean-square value of the following velocity components: 2.0 m/s, -3.0 m/s, and 4.0 m/s?

Correct Answer
verified

If we double the root-mean-square speed (thermal speed) of the molecules of a gas, then

Correct Answer
verified

A 5.0-liter gas tank holds 1.7 moles of monatomic helium (He) and 1.10 mole of diatomic oxygen (O₂) , at a temperature of 260 K. The ATOMIC masses of helium and oxygen are 4.0 g/mol and 16.0 g/mol, respectively. What is the ratio of the root-mean-square (thermal) speed of helium to that of oxygen?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 18: The Micromacro Connection

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the average kinetic energy of an ideal gas molecule at 569°C? (The Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10-23 J/K.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the mean free path of a gas of randomly-moving hard spheres of radius 2.00 × 10-9 m when the density of spheres is 3.00 × 1019 per cubic meter?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The entropy of an isolated system must be conserved, so it never changes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At 50.0°C, the average translational kinetic energy of a gas molecule is K. If the temperature is now increased to 100.0°C, the average translational kinetic energy of a molecule will be closest to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The root-mean-square speed (thermal speed) of a certain sample of carbon dioxide molecules, with a molecular weight of 44 g/mol, is 396 m/s. What is the root-mean-square speed (thermal speed) of water vapor molecules, with a molecular weight of 18 g/mol, at the same temperature?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The average molecular kinetic energy of a gas can be determined by knowing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A container is filled with a mixture of helium (light molecules) and oxygen (heavy molecules) gases. A thermometer in the reads 22°C. Which gas molecules have the greater average speed?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the average translational kinetic energy per molecule of an ideal gas at a temperature of 300 K? The Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10-23 J/K.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At what temperature would the root-mean-square speed (thermal speed) of oxygen molecules be 13.0 m/s? Assume that oxygen approximates an ideal gas. The mass of one O2 molecule is 5.312 x 10-26 kg. The Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10-23 J/K.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answerverified(a) 528 m/s (b) 3.8...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the temperature of a fixed amount of an ideal gas is increased, it NECESSARILY follows that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the root-mean-square value of the following velocity components: 2.0 m/s, -3.0 m/s, and 4.0 m/s?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If we double the root-mean-square speed (thermal speed) of the molecules of a gas, then

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A 5.0-liter gas tank holds 1.7 moles of monatomic helium (He) and 1.10 mole of diatomic oxygen (O2) , at a temperature of 260 K. The ATOMIC masses of helium and oxygen are 4.0 g/mol and 16.0 g/mol, respectively. What is the ratio of the root-mean-square (thermal) speed of helium to that of oxygen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

What is the average kinetic energy of an ideal gas molecule at 569°C? (The Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10^-23 J/K.)

Correct Answer
verified

What is the mean free path of a gas of randomly-moving hard spheres of radius 2.00 × 10^-9 m when the density of spheres is 3.00 × 10¹⁹ per cubic meter?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

What is the average translational kinetic energy per molecule of an ideal gas at a temperature of 300 K? The Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10^-23 J/K.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

At what temperature would the root-mean-square speed (thermal speed) of oxygen molecules be 13.0 m/s? Assume that oxygen approximates an ideal gas. The mass of one O₂molecule is 5.312 x 10^-26 kg. The Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10^-23 J/K.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
(a) 528 m/s
(b) 3.8...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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