Question 1

The works of McKeown showed that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the main driver of decline in mortality from the most common infectious diseases in the beginning of the twentieth century in Europe is improved health care
B)   the main driver of decline in mortality from the most common infectious diseases in the beginning of the twentieth century in Europe is changing social conditions
C)   the demographic transition is not an accurate predictor of population change
D)   immunization is a driving force for reduction in mortality rates from measles and scurvyE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 2

The text identifies ________ as the two modern figures that are closely associated with the revival of a population-health perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)   Gerry Rodgers and George Kaplan
B)   Thomas McKeown and Geoffrey Rose
C)   Émile Durkheim and Friedrich Engels
D)   Rudolf Virchow and John SnowE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

A recent high-quality study of reported differences among-and between-Canadians and Americans shows that health inequalities are mostly attributable to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   differences in smoking habits
B)   levels of physical activity
C)   obesity and excessive weight differences
D)   education and household incomeE) All of the above
F) A) and D) D

Question 4

Thomas McKeown's (1976) research showed that the sharp decline in mortality in western Europe after 1850 was due to changing social and environmental factors, notably the availability and affordability of better diet.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The epidemiological transition is said to occur when societies reach a level of affluence equivalent roughly to $6,000-$10,000 per capita income.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Crude death rates are calculated by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   comparing the average life span of individuals
B)   computing life expectancy and mortality rates
C)   counting the total deaths in a population within a given period of time, usually a year
D)   calculating years of life lost before age 70E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

The individual-level model of health and disease is generally referred to as risk factors model.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The study of the social patterning of behaviour suggests that our behaviour ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   is the best predictor of our health
B)   is shaped by our social context and people with whom we interact
C)   is a better predictor of health than our genetic makeup
D)   is influenced by our genesE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Sex is one of the host characteristics that is commonly used in the risk factors model. What are the problems associated with using sex as a predictor of one's health status?

Accepted Answer

Problems associated with using sex as a predictor of one's health status include the following:
$\bullet$ Biologic sex is a spectrum, not binary.
$\bullet$ Health differenences between men and women are overstated.
$\bullet$ Sex is confounded with gender; many health differences are gender-, not sex-related, and gender roles vary by time and place. Therefore, sex and gender need to both be considered. (pp. 21-22)

Question 10

What is wrong with the idea that disease is caused by behaviour combined with genetic susceptibility?

Accepted Answer

While genetic and behavioural factors in...

Question 11

In epidemiology, a secular change ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   is a transition from highly religious society to a secular one
B)   is a social and cultural change toward greater materialism and individualism
C)   is a change in the behaviour of a population that occurs rapidly for no apparent reason
D)   occurs when a change in behaviour happens in response to broader changes in societyE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 12

The different levels of analysis discussed in your textbook in reference to health refer to ________ levels.

Accepted Answer

A)   individual, community, and population
B)   social, contextual, and biological
C)   distal, intermediate, and proximal
D)   local, international, and globalE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Overall, risk factors at the individual level account for only a small proportion of the incidence of disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The findings from the field of epigenetics suggest that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   environmental factors have little impact on the expression of genes influencing our health
B)   genes do not determine our health status which can be completely explained by environmental factors
C)   genes react to environmental factors and neither our genes nor the environment decisively determines who we are and how healthy we will be
D)   most diseases have underlying genetic causesE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 15

An individual's genetics are the only accurate predictor of one's health status.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

What is the predictive capacity of genetics in the risk factors model?

Accepted Answer

Predictive factors:

Susceptibility to s...

Question 17

Friedrich Engels's 1844 data on the working people of Manchester showed that the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   death rates of rich people in newly industrialized urban centres were much higher than the death rates of poor people in rural settings
B)   death rates of poor people in rural settings were much higher than the death rates of poor people in newly industrialized urban centres
C)   death rates of rich people in rural settings were much higher than the death rates of rich people in urban settings
D)   death rates of poor people in newly industrialized urban centres were much higher than the death rates of poor people in non-industrialized urban centresE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

The first phase in the demographic transition is characterized by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   low fertility rates, low mortality, rates and high population growth
B)   low fertility rates, low mortality rates, and low population growth
C)   high fertility rates, high mortality rates, and near-zero population growth
D)   high fertility rates, low mortality rates, and high population growthE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

The following statement regarding prevalence is TRUE: ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Prevalence is equivalent to the rate of disease in a population
B)   Prevalence is calculated by considering the likelyhood of members of a population being exposed to a known risk
C)   Prevalence does not tell us anything about probability of risk of contracting the disease
D)   Prevalence and incidence are two identical measuresE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

What are some the ways sex and gender affect health of Canadians?

Accepted Answer

The answer should make it clear that sex and gender are associated with behaviour and social expectations, roles, and responsibilities. It is the complex interaction of the physiological and social variables that produces most of the observed differences in incidence of accidents, disease, disability, and premature mortality (pp. 21-22).

Exam 2: Thinking About Individual and Population Health

The works of McKeown showed that ________.

Correct Answer
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The text identifies ________ as the two modern figures that are closely associated with the revival of a population-health perspective.

Correct Answer
verified

A recent high-quality study of reported differences among-and between-Canadians and Americans shows that health inequalities are mostly attributable to ________.

Correct Answer
verified
D

Thomas McKeown's (1976) research showed that the sharp decline in mortality in western Europe after 1850 was due to changing social and environmental factors, notably the availability and affordability of better diet.

Correct Answer
verified

The epidemiological transition is said to occur when societies reach a level of affluence equivalent roughly to $6,000-$10,000 per capita income.

Correct Answer
verified

Crude death rates are calculated by ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The individual-level model of health and disease is generally referred to as risk factors model.

Correct Answer
verified

The study of the social patterning of behaviour suggests that our behaviour ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Sex is one of the host characteristics that is commonly used in the risk factors model. What are the problems associated with using sex as a predictor of one's health status?

What is wrong with the idea that disease is caused by behaviour combined with genetic susceptibility?

Correct Answer
verified
While genetic and behavioural factors in...
View Answer

In epidemiology, a secular change ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The different levels of analysis discussed in your textbook in reference to health refer to ________ levels.

Correct Answer
verified

Overall, risk factors at the individual level account for only a small proportion of the incidence of disease.

Correct Answer
verified

The findings from the field of epigenetics suggest that ________.

Correct Answer
verified

An individual's genetics are the only accurate predictor of one's health status.

Correct Answer
verified

What is the predictive capacity of genetics in the risk factors model?

Correct Answer
verified
Predictive factors:
Susceptibility to s...
View Answer

Friedrich Engels's 1844 data on the working people of Manchester showed that the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The first phase in the demographic transition is characterized by ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The following statement regarding prevalence is TRUE: ________.

Correct Answer
verified

What are some the ways sex and gender affect health of Canadians?

Exam 2: Thinking About Individual and Population Health

The works of McKeown showed that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The text identifies ________ as the two modern figures that are closely associated with the revival of a population-health perspective.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A recent high-quality study of reported differences among-and between-Canadians and Americans shows that health inequalities are mostly attributable to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Thomas McKeown's (1976) research showed that the sharp decline in mortality in western Europe after 1850 was due to changing social and environmental factors, notably the availability and affordability of better diet.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The epidemiological transition is said to occur when societies reach a level of affluence equivalent roughly to $6,000-$10,000 per capita income.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Crude death rates are calculated by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The individual-level model of health and disease is generally referred to as risk factors model.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The study of the social patterning of behaviour suggests that our behaviour ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sex is one of the host characteristics that is commonly used in the risk factors model. What are the problems associated with using sex as a predictor of one's health status?

What is wrong with the idea that disease is caused by behaviour combined with genetic susceptibility?

Correct AnswerverifiedWhile genetic and behavioural factors in...View AnswerShow Answer

In epidemiology, a secular change ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The different levels of analysis discussed in your textbook in reference to health refer to ________ levels.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Overall, risk factors at the individual level account for only a small proportion of the incidence of disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The findings from the field of epigenetics suggest that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An individual's genetics are the only accurate predictor of one's health status.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the predictive capacity of genetics in the risk factors model?

Correct AnswerverifiedPredictive factors: Susceptibility to s...View AnswerShow Answer

Friedrich Engels's 1844 data on the working people of Manchester showed that the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first phase in the demographic transition is characterized by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The following statement regarding prevalence is TRUE: ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are some the ways sex and gender affect health of Canadians?

Correct Answer
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While genetic and behavioural factors in...
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